The biosphere, via this biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen oxides, is becoming an increasingly important determining factor for airborne pollutants as much of the world continues to reduce the amount of combustion-related nitrogen oxide emissions. The balance of the emission and uptake of nitrogen oxides thus provides a mechanism for the regulation of regional air quality. Nitrogen oxides influence the production of surface O3 and secondary aerosols. Both canopy-level field measurements and laboratory studies suggest that the absorption of nitrogen dioxide NO2 and APNs by vegetation is a significant sink of atmospheric NOx, removing a large fraction of global soil-emitted NOx and providing key control on the amounts and lifetimes of NOx and reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere. NOx further reacts with the oxidation products of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to form the functionalized nitrogen oxide groups acyl peroxynitrates (APNs = R(O)O2NO2) and alkyl nitrates (ANs = RONO2). NO is rapidly interconverted with NO2, making up the chemical family NOx (NOx ≡ NO2 + NO). The emission of nitric oxide (NO) from soils is an important atmospheric source of reactive nitrogen. Abstract: The atmosphere–biosphere exchange of nitrogen oxides plays a key role in determining the composition of reactive nitrogen in terrestrial vegetated environments.
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